Aluminum Titanium Carbon Scandium

          Aluminum conductive wires are one of the important basic materials for electric wires and cables at present. While meeting the requirement of high electrical conductivity, aluminum conductive wires must have sufficient mechanical properties. Al-Ti-C-Sc is an upgraded product of Al-Ti-C-Pt. As a special master alloy, it can enable aluminum conductive wires to obtain more and finer equiaxed crystals, improve the strength, plasticity and toughness of the material; reduce the degree of lattice distortion, improve the uniformity of the grain structure, effectively reduce the defective items of the material, and optimize the resistivity.

          The Al-Ti-C-Sc master alloy also contains a large number of titanium carbide particles (TiC). On the one hand, these particles act as heterogeneous nuclei, effectively refining the grains of the aluminum alloy to obtain finer equiaxed crystals and smaller molecular distances. On the other hand, titanium carbide particles (TiC), like metallic aluminum, belong to the face-centered cubic structure. Their lattice constant is 0.4329 nm, which is very close to the lattice constant of aluminum, 0.4049 nm. Although TiC is a foreign atom in the aluminum conductor, the degree of lattice distortion it causes is very low. The atoms in TiC are combined by strong covalent bonds and have several properties similar to metals, such as a high melting point, boiling point (melting point: 3067 °C, boiling point: 4820 °C), good thermal stability, good thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity coefficient: 21 J/m·s·K) and electrical conductivity (resistivity: 14.1 μΩ·cm), and even exhibit superconductivity at extremely low temperatures.

          In conclusion, the addition of TiC particles can effectively optimize the resistivity of aluminum alloy conductors and improve the strength, plasticity and toughness, electrical conductivity and heat resistance of aluminum alloy conductors. The trace addition of the metal scandium (Sc) acts as a stabilizer, which can further enhance the stability and uniform consistency of the master alloy. The composite conductor material prepared with it can replace copper materials with aluminum materials to a greater extent.

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